<说在前面>
1.《Eden · Untamed Planet(伊甸园：最后的秘境)》是BBC与哔哩哔哩合作的独家纪录片，b站提供中配、英配双版；
2.官方介绍：将带领观众前往地球上的遥远角落，揭示仅存的几片人类未踏足土地的奥秘。微妙的平衡、丰富的物种、独特的生态系统——本片开启了一段令人屏息的旅程，前往地球上最后的伊甸园。
3.该纪录片共7集，6集内容，1集制作特辑；该本为第3集，Luangwa(卢安瓜河谷)；
(一人校对不易，如有疏漏请见谅)
In remotist Southern Africa, lies Zambia's Luangwa Valley, a rolling Savannah around the same area as Scotland. Feeling like a 'land that time forgot', seemingly untouched plains teem with Africa's most iconic animals. Some are unique to this place,others are critically endangered elsewhere.
在最偏远的非洲南部，是赞比亚的卢安瓜河谷。这是一片绵延起伏的大草原，面积和苏格兰相当，这里像是一片被时间遗忘的土地。在这片看似原始的平原，到处都是非洲最具标志性的动物。一些是这里独有的动物，还有一些动物在别处已严重濒危。
Here, prey and predators exist in remarkable balance, each taking advantage of the secret at the heart of this Eden. The mighty Luangwa River and its dramatic annual transformation from dusty inferno to emerald paradise. There are still places on Earth that remain pristine where wildlife flourishes. These are the last regions that could be called Eden.
在这里，猎物与捕食者形成了令人不可思议的平衡，每一种动物都在充分利用这座伊甸园深处的秘密。神秘强大的卢安瓜河，这里每年都会迎来巨变，从混沌的炼狱，到绿意盎然的天堂。地球上有些地方仍然保持着原始状态，野生动物得以繁衍生息，几乎是“伊甸园”一般的存在。
The Luangwa begins its journey in Zambia's uplands, cascading into the valley, where it meanders through almost 70,000 square kilometres of lush Savannah, eventually flowing into the Zambezi river, 800 kilometres further south. But it's here that it will breach its banks during the wet season, bringing boundless life to this African Eden, and painting its plains a glorious green.
卢安瓜河起源于赞比亚的高地，它倾泻而下，进入卢安瓜河谷，蜿蜒穿过近7万平方公里的茂密大草原，最后，汇入800公里之外的赞比西河。但到了雨季，它会在这里漫出河岸，给这片非洲的伊甸园带来勃勃生机，让这片平原变得葱翠欲滴。
It's July, the start of the dry season and it's just what one of Africa's great predators has been waiting for. Along stretches of the Luangwa, leopards can be found in numbers greater than almost anywhere else in Africa. And throughout this valley, all life is defined by the ebb and flow of the river and its waters are rapidly receding.
现在是7月，旱季开始了，这正是一种非洲大型捕食者所等待的时刻。在卢安瓜河谷，花豹随处可见，数量比非洲的任何地方都要多。整个河谷里，生命的节律都会随着这条河的起落而变化，这里的河水正在迅速退去。
Some tributary channels are already bone dry, and herbivores are beginning to gather close to the river. For a big cat, it all adds up to one thing, happy hunting. This female leopard is five years old, at around forty kilograms, she is in prime condition. Her preferred prey is impala. Ten thousand of them roam this valley. Ranked among the fastest of all hoofed animals, an impala could take on a racehorse, but leopards don't play by impala rules.
一些支流已经干涸，食草动物们开始向主河道聚集。对大型猫科动物来说，这一切让一件事水到渠成，它可以畅快地捕食了。这只雌性花豹5岁，体重大约40公斤，此时的它正值壮年。它钟爱的猎物是高角羚。约有1万只高角羚在河谷里活动，高角羚是速度最快的有蹄类动物之一，速度比赛马更快。但花豹不会按高角羚的比赛规则行事。
This fast-changing Eden has now given her an edge. She enters into the maze of gullies. The damp channel margins are carpeted with grass that lures in grazing antelope. Still, they remain on high alert. Stealth is the best weapon. Placing faith in perfect camouflage, the trap is set. Just a few more careless steps and they'll be inside the required nine-metre range. Clamping her jaws over both nose and mouth, she can stay clear of those stiletto horns and cut off its airflow.
这个瞬息万变的伊甸园，现在为它提供了良机。它走进了迷宫般的冲沟，潮湿的河道坡面长满了青草，这对高角羚是极大的诱惑。它们仍然保持着高度警惕。伏击是最好的战术，花豹依仗完美的伪装，设好了陷阱。这只高角羚只要再走几步，就将进入花豹9米的最佳突袭半径。用双颌咬住高角羚的口鼻部位，花豹可以避开尖利的犄角，并且阻断猎物的呼吸。
But a spotted hyena is drawn to the commotion. Close to twice the weight of a leopard, armed with bone-crushing jaws, this opportunist won't pass up the chance to cash in on the hard work of others. This time, one very lucky impala gets a second chance at life. More than 60% of hunts end in failure, but with the perfect conditions for an ambush at this time of year, it won't be long until another opportunity comes her way.
不过，一只斑鬣狗注意到了这阵骚乱。斑鬣狗的体重几乎是花豹的两倍，它的双颌可以咬碎对手的骨头。这个投机分子，绝不会放过盗取它人劳动成果的机会。这一次，这只非常幸运的高角羚获得了新生。花豹60%以上的捕食行动会以失败告终，但每年的这个时候，为伏击提供了绝佳的条件，花豹很快会找到新的机会。
As the dry season takes hold and pastures wither, yellow baboons spend daylight hours foraging for glasses and grubs. Thousands of these primates live here in hundred-strong troops that claim territories of 25 square kilometres, and female kinship lies at the core of their society. A network of matriarchs helps maintain harmony. Social grooming to cement familial bonds, nursing and playing, but it falls to the alpha male to lead his troops in their search for food.
随着旱季逐渐深入，草原渐渐枯萎。草原狒狒白天要花很长时间，寻找青草和幼虫。这些灵长类有数千只之多，它们形成了数百个强大的族群，占领了25平方公里的领地。雌性成员间的亲缘联系，构成了这些族群的核心，互为亲友的雌性首领们为族群和谐提供了保障。它们互相梳理皮毛，以增强家庭成员之间的感情。它们会一起照顾幼崽，互相嬉闹。而领导族群觅食的重任，则落在了雄性首领的肩上。
A male may rule this extended family for several years, and he knows where they can go for a seasonal meal— sausage trees. At this time of year, the nectar cupped in plentiful blossoms provides a lifeline for numerous species. This place is a highly coveted prize, and a neighbouring troop aims to claim it with the help of their own gang leader. Both sides are equally matched.
雄性首领可能会统治这个大家族好几年的时间，它知道哪里会有季节性大餐——吊灯树。每年的这个时候盛开的鲜花饱含花蜜，这为无数生物提供了生命给养。这片领地令人垂涎，邻家族群觊觎已久。它们在首领的带领下跃跃欲试，双方势均力敌。
Flanked by battle-hardened soldiers, the alpha male steps up. Around 23 kilograms in weight and armed with five-centimetre-long canines. Battles can end in serious injury, even death.When this rival backs down, his cronies scatter. Peace is restored to the troop once more. Close family ties and strong leadership allow these intelligent primates to tune into the rhythm of the riches offered up by the Luangwa Valley.
在身经百战的士兵的簇拥下，雄性首领上前迎战。它重约23公斤，长着5厘米的尖牙。战斗可能导致双方严重受伤，甚至死亡。对手败下阵来，亲信们逃之夭夭，这个家族又恢复了平静。亲密的家庭关系和强大的领导力，帮助这些充满智慧的灵长类动物，充分利用了卢安瓜河谷创造的宝贵资源。
As the dry season tightens its grip, Luangwa welcomes a technicolor visitor, the carmine bee-eater. They're experts when it comes to catching and dispatching bees, but that's not why they're here. The receding water has left six-metre banks exposed. From around 800 kilometres away, 20,000 make the annual journey here to construct metre-along nest borrows in a perfect mix of sand and clay. Latecomers try to move in on the newly-dug dream homes leading to noisy evictions. Their nearest neighbours can be a little rowdy too. The Luangwa is a hippo heaven.
干旱日益加剧，卢安瓜河谷迎来了色彩斑斓的游客，南红蜂虎。它们是对付和捕捉蜂类的专家，但这不是它们来这里的目的。河水退去，露出了6米高的河堤。每年从800公里以外的地方，近2万只南红蜂虎都会飞来这里，在沙子和黏土构成的理想河堤上，挖出1米长的巢洞。后来者尝试占据一些现成的新家，它们遭到了主人的激烈驱赶。离它们最近的邻居也有些粗暴无礼。卢安瓜河谷是河马的天堂。
But when 25,000 are forced to crowd together in the dwindling river, there's less space for a cooling wallow, and the risk of heat exhaustion rises.This three-month-old calf already weighs a hefty 135 kilograms, but that's nothing next to a-four-and-a-half ton dominant male. This beachmaster may have meeting rights over a pod of up to 200 hippos. He'll confront any arrival with deadly force. Calves are most at risk of being crushed.
但是，当25,000头河马，被迫挤在日益缩小的河里，洗凉水澡的空间越来越小，中暑衰竭的风险却越来越大。这头3个月大的河马幼崽已有135公斤重，但与4.5吨重的雄性首领比起来，有些微不足道。这头雄性首领可以在多达200头河马的群体中享有交配权。它将与任何竞争对手展开殊死搏斗，而河马幼崽最容易受到伤害。
Thrusting and parrying with 30 centimetre tusks, the males battle it out until one yields. For the next five months or more, the calf will rely on her attentive mother for protection. Nightfall offers relief, and thermal imaging cameras reveal the surprising nocturnal life of hippos. One group stays close to the water. For a little hippo, the plains are full of predators, so calves are left in a creche, watched over by adult females.
雄性河马用30厘米长的尖牙作为攻防武器，直到决出胜负，战斗才会平息。在接下来5个月甚至更长时间，河马幼崽将依赖妈妈的细心照料和保护。夜幕降临，河马得到了些许放松，热成像摄像机记录了河马令人惊叹的夜间生活。一小群河马在水边逗留。对小河马来说，草原上到处都是捕食者，因此幼崽们被留在了托儿所，由成年雌性照看。
Weighing one and a quarter tons, a mother hippo has less to fear, but needs at least 45 kilograms of vegetation a night, and when grazing isn't an option a different plan is required. Hippos have relatively good night vision, which helps when confronted by a deadly enemy. But these lions know better than to get in the way of a favorite food supply, sausage fruits.But dropping an infant off at the creche costs time, now there's a risk of missing out.
重达1.25吨的河马妈妈什么都不怕，但它一晚至少要吃掉45公斤的植物。在青草不足的时候，需要采取不同的计划，河马拥有较强的夜视能力，在遇到致命的敌人时，这很有用。但这些狮子很识趣，不去妨碍它们寻找最喜欢的食物，吊灯树的果实。但是因为送幼崽去托儿所耽误了时间，现在机会不多了。
Lip smacking might do the trick. This could be a form of hippo diplomacy. They'll binge until dawn, and as the hippos retrace their steps, each call of nature answers more than one need. By dispersing seeds far and wide, the hippos here play a crucial role in spreading sausage trees throughout the valley. For some, re-entry can be tricky. After a five-hour wait, this hungry hippo is reunited with her mother. Back in the water, the calf can suckle in safety, ahead of the returning sun.
咂嘴，也许是一种有效的沟通，这也许是河马的外交礼仪。它们大快朵颐，直到凌晨。当河马原路返回时，便会频频内急。河马以这种方式散播种子，对吊灯树在河谷的生长，起到了关键的作用。对一些河马来说，要回到河中不太容易。经过5小时的等待，这头饥肠辘辘的河马终于和妈妈团聚了，小河马可以在河里安全地吃奶了，太阳还不会升起。
【不能只有我一个人眼瞎(#^.^#)】
It's been five months since the last rain fall. Restless buffalo form two thousand strong mega herds, intent on consuming any vegetation within reach. Luangwa's lions look on eagerly waiting for the weak to fall. Staying close to the only remaining water source, the buffalo must drink every day while they can. For all of Luangwa's herbivores, long weeks of craving lie ahead.As the river is reduced to a string of pools, for others, the dry season is boom time. Hundreds of pelicans, storks, herons and spoonbills eagerly descend. These 'fishing parties' trawl up everything in a matter of hours.
上次降雨已是5个月之前的事了，2,000头焦躁的非洲水牛形成了一个超大规模的行进群体，它们所到之处几乎寸草不留。卢安瓜河谷的狮子们虎视眈眈，等待那些虚弱者倒下。非洲水牛会在仅存的水源附近逗留，它们必须每天饮水，不能错失良机。对卢安瓜河谷的所有食草动物来说，这种状态还将持续很长时间。河水退缩成一个个小水塘，对另一些动物来说，旱季是一个繁荣时期。数百只鹈鹕、鹳、鹭和琵鹭迫不及待地落下。这些捕鱼高手将猎物一网打尽，只需要短短几小时。
For the thriving lions plentiful carrion keeps them well fed, and mothers give birth to as many as 6 cubs. Since they're all related, cubs are suckled by any lactating females, and the continuation of the pride is assured. The furnace heat now hits 43 degrees. The last wallows are disappearing. Circling vultures spot carcasses from 6 kilometres away. This valley becomes an Eden for scavengers. They disposed of meat and bones in less than an hour. Clearing up rotting remains is vital if the Savannah is to be disease free.
对于日渐壮大的狮群来说，充足的食物为它们提供了保障。雌狮也因此能产下多达6头幼崽。因为存在亲缘关系，哺乳期内的雌狮们都可以给幼崽喂奶，由此保证了狮群的繁衍兴盛。此时的温度已达到43摄氏度，最后的泥塘正在消失，空中盘旋的秃鹫，发现了6公里外的动物尸体。这个河谷成为了食腐动物的伊甸园。不到一个小时，它们就把肉和骨头吃光了。要想让大草原远离疾病，清理腐肉非常关键。
November brings promise of rebirth, as Luangwa welcomes the start of the wet season. The first showers quench a thirsty land. From deep burrows 'rain bugs' emerge. These spider-like velvet mites are on a mission. Their bright color reminds predators that they taste bad. They each have just a few hours to fatten up and fight over a suitable mate before scurrying back underground to lay their eggs. Dormant pastures spring to life, and fresh grazing triggers a 'baby boom'.
11月带来了重生的希望，卢安瓜河谷迎来了雨季。第一场降雨滋润了干涸的土地，绒螨从地底深处的洞穴出来。这些像蜘蛛一样的绒毛状螨虫正在执行一项任务，它们用鲜艳的外表提醒捕食者，它们的味道很糟糕。它们必须在短短几小时内长胖，赢得一位理想的伴侣，然后快速回到地下产卵。沉寂许久的草原重新焕发了生机，新鲜的青草触发了婴儿潮。
Within two weeks, thousands of impala ewes drop their lambs. And warthog mothers must deal with broods of up to 800 piglets. Three hundred metres above the plains, heavy rainfall on the escarpment is funnelled into waterfalls. Rivers merge as the water finds its way to the valley floor. Dry channels awaken and the majestic Luangwa River returns to its former glory. In just a few days, its levels rise 4.5 metres or more, flooding the Savannah for kilometres around. For hundreds of yellow build storks, this is the perfect time to breed.
两周时间里，数千只雌性高角羚产下了幼崽，而疣猪妈妈，得应付8头饥肠辘辘的幼崽。在平原上方300米的地方，强烈的降雨在悬崖处汇集成了瀑布，各条支流汇合流向山谷。干涸的河道苏醒了，气势磅礴的卢安瓜河，恢复了往日的辉煌。短短数天，水位上升了4.5米以上，洪水淹没了大草原方圆数公里的区域。对上百只黄嘴鹮鹳来说，此时是最佳繁殖期。
Every available site is occupied as each pair builds a metre wide nest that will hold a clutch of up to four eggs, protected, for now, by the endless moat. Water laps moisture-loving ebony trees, as cathedral-vaulted groves greet the emerald season. For the valley's herbivores, it's a welcome return to the good times. For Luangwa's yellow baboons, it's a water park playground combined with an all-you-can-eat Eden. Such abundance means baboons can forget about territorial disputes, for now.
黄嘴鹮鹳夫妇占据树上的理想位置，筑起了1米宽的鸟巢，每个鸟巢可容纳多达4枚卵。它们暂时处于绵长的卢安瓜河的保护之下。河水轻轻拍打喜欢湿润的乌木，如大教堂圆顶般的林冠，迎来绿意浓浓的季节。河谷的食草动物，欢天喜地的重返美好时光。对卢安瓜河谷的草原狒狒来说，这里成了水上乐园，还是一个随心所欲的美食天堂。如此丰盛的食物，意味着草原狒狒可以暂时把领土之争抛到一边。
But this alpha's not interested in getting his hands dirty for roots and tubers. It's been a year long wait, for a taste of a favorite plant. Water lilies packed with essential minerals, they're gourmet dining for baboons, but they come with a very high price tag.They grow in deep water where danger lurks. Nile crocodiles over 3 metres long. But lilies are far too tempting, and those are just in reach. This is one treat, an alpha won't share.
这位雄性首领可不想为了弄点根茎弄脏双手。经过一年的等待，它们终于能尝到最喜欢的植物了——睡莲。睡莲富含矿物质，是狒狒心仪的美食，但要得到它们并不容易。睡莲长在深水里，那里危机四伏，尼罗河鳄，身长超过3米。但睡莲太诱人了，它们看起来唾手可得。这样的战利品，首领绝不会与它人分享。
As the flood waters recede in April, they leave behind a precious gift, nutrient-laden silt that enriches the soil. Once again, some of Africa's lushest grazing is on offer. With this annual inundation comes another, far-reaching reward by rendering the land almost impossible to settle, it has kept humans at bay.
4月，洪水退去，留下了珍贵的礼物，富含养分的淤泥滋养了土壤。这里再次成为非洲最茂盛的草原之一。每年的洪水，还带来了一份意义深远的馈赠。洪水让这片区域几乎无法定居，从而避免了人类的涉足。
The Luangwa is one of the last great African rivers to remain unhindered by dams and modern development, preserving some of the last pristine tracts of Savannah for one of this continent's most endangered carnivores, the painted wolf. Just one pack roams several hundreds square kilometres. On the brink of extinction elsewhere, this stable population is becoming ever more important.
卢安瓜河是非洲仅存的几条没有受水坝和现代社会影响的大河之一，这里保留了非洲南部仅存的原始大草原之一，这也供养了当地最濒危食肉动物之一，杂色狼。在数百公里的范围里，只有一个杂色狼群在活动，由于该物种在其它地方濒临灭绝，这个稳定的族群变得越来越重要。
And wilderness on such an epic scale is now one of the last sanctuaries of the black rhino. While they're quite clearly grey, one theory suggests that distinctive upper lip gave them their name, 'beated rhino' becoming 'black rhino' over time. Preferring his own company, he's both woefully short-sighted and notoriously ill-tempered. This 1.25 ton bull has picked up the elusive aroma of one thing guaranteed to mellow his mood.
如此辽阔的荒野，如今也是黑犀最后的乐土之一。黑犀的皮肤显然是灰白色的，但有说法称它们的名字原本来自其独特的上唇，但“鸟嘴犀”渐渐被叫成了“黑犀”。黑犀尽管喜欢独处，但它们的视力很差，而且还是出了名的坏脾气。这头1.25吨重的雄性黑犀，嗅到了一种能让它心情愉悦的奇特气味。
He sets off with high hopes. Oh dear, that sensitive nose has lost the scent trail. Ah, there it is! Charging upwind at more than 50 kilometres per hour, he finally sniffs out his quarry, an equally solitary, just-as-irascible female. She feigns lack of interest, so he'll stay by her side for up to two weeks, until she gives in to his gentle serenade. Every baby this Eden could deliver builds hope for the future of this critically endangered species.
它满怀希望的出发了，哦，天呐，灵敏的鼻子找不到气味的踪迹了。啊，在那边。它以每小时超过50公里的速度，逆风狂追，终于找到目标了。嗯，一头同样喜欢独居，而且易怒的雌性黑犀。它假装不感兴趣，因此雄性黑犀将在它身边停留两周，直到雌性接受它温柔的小夜曲。在这个伊甸园出生的每一头黑犀宝宝，都可能为这一极度濒危物种的未来带来希望。
Luangwa's seasonal balance has now shifted from favouring the hunter to helping the hunted. For a female leopard, stalking is a lot harder. Impala are scattered far and wide, and the gullies relied on for cover in the dry season are flooded. It's time for a new plan of attack. Good grazing means that female impala are in prime breeding condition. Broadcasting his authority, a dominant ram has the pick of over 20 ewes in his harem. Crowned with 75 centimetre horns, an alpha will go head-to-head with any who dare to challenge his mating rights.
此时，卢安瓜河谷的季节性天平已从捕食者倒向了猎物。对雌性花豹来说，悄悄接近猎物的难度更大了。高角羚现在的活动范围分散广阔，旱季里用于遮蔽的冲沟已被淹没，是时候制定新的进攻计划了。优质的青草让雌性高角羚进入了最佳的繁殖状态。它在炫耀自己的权威。雄性首领可以在20多只雌性中挑选对象。雄性首领拥有75厘米长的长角，它将正面迎击任何胆敢挑战其交配权的对手。
That's just what this female's been waiting for, the strutting arrival of a worthy challenger. Sparring to gauge size and strength, each looks for an opening. Wrenching locked horns and straining every sinew to force the other to give way. The charge must be timed to perfection striking while their guard is down, but not until their energy is spent. Making the most of seasonal shifts in behaviour, this is a crucial kill.
这正是这只雌性花豹一直等待的时刻，势均力敌的挑战者阔步走来。它们相互较量着体型和力量，双方都在寻找机会。焦灼的缠斗，竭尽全力，都想迫使对方认输。花豹的进攻时机必须恰到好处，在目标松懈时发动袭击，不用等到它们的体力耗尽。充分利用对方行为的季节性变化，这是一次重要的捕食行动。
By stashing this prize, it may last several days. Time this mother can spend with her demanding five week old twin cubs. And a full belly means she can provide plentiful milk for the next generation of Luangwa's leopards. As long as the river guards this place with its floodwaters, unfettered by dams or agriculture, the creatures that live here in perfect balance. Through boom and bust, both predators and prey will continue to prosper, and this valley will remain forever an emerald Eden.
花豹将战利品藏了起来，这能维持好几天，这位妈妈该陪陪5周大的双胞胎幼崽了。圆鼓鼓的肚皮，意味着它能提供充足的奶水养育卢安瓜河谷的新一代花豹。只要这条大河一直利用泛滥的洪水保护这片地区，只要它不受水坝或农业的影响，生长在这里的生物就能保持完美的平衡，共同经历繁荣与萧条。捕食者和猎物将继续繁衍壮大，这个山谷将永远成为葱翠的伊甸园。
THE END
鱼小瓜的双语纪录片读文：
1.《美丽中国》4篇：
42028，46711，43589，59199
2.《故宫100》2篇：653162，342919
3.《Tiny World(小小世界)》:777923
4.《杜甫·最伟大的诗人》:49729
5.《Eden(伊甸园·最后的秘境)》:
592475，885813，951021
......